Learning about how public involvement strengthens HIV research as a medical student.

A small medical school research project entitled ‘PPI to strengthen clinical and population health research’ caused me to look at an entirely new field – that of Public and Patient Involvement (PPI). PPI is the development of an active partnership between patients and the public and researchers to work alongside each other not just during trial participation but, at each research step.

Internet research and use of materials supplied by my tutors changed my understanding and appreciation for the field of PPI. Coming across the story surrounding gay rights campaigners and development of early PPI inspired me to investigate how it is used it modern studies. It struck me how despite its importance, PPI often went undiscussed in contemporary studies.

However, one study named PROUD used and reported PPI in an exemplary fashion in order to combat issues and strengthen the trial. PROUD’s PPI improved study design, safety and advertising as well as providing reassurance in difficult times. It also improved recruitment, dissemination of information and made sure that results and future research fields were relevant.

Through PROUD and also my own experiences working with a PPI group I was able to develop an understanding and appreciation for the importance PPI. I write with hope to make my learning available to others.

A research project during my third year at medical school introduced me to PPI. PPI is defined as research carried out with or by members of the public rather than to, about or for them. Historical gay rights activists’ involvement in research catalysed developments in PPI before it was widely recognised. A contemporary study, PROUD, used exemplary PPI contributions to tackle these issues and make the study successful.

My research project was entitled ‘How did PPI contribute towards the PROUD study & what can be learnt from this?’. This letter aims to answer this question but also include my personal reflections on my work and how I developed an understanding and appreciation for the importance PPI. PubMed and Google were examined, as well as University resources.

SDS siRNA
20-abx932743	Abbexa	661.20 EUR 878.40 EUR	15 nmol 30 nmol
SDS siRNA
20-abx932744	Abbexa	661.20 EUR 878.40 EUR	15 nmol 30 nmol
SDS antibody
70R-3762	Fitzgerald	50 ug	560.4 EUR
Description: Rabbit polyclonal SDS antibody raised against the middle region of SDS
SDS antibody
70R-3627	Fitzgerald	50 ug	560.4 EUR
Description: Rabbit polyclonal SDS antibody raised against the N terminal of SDS
SDS antibody
10R-5712	Fitzgerald	100 ul	829.2 EUR
Description: Mouse monoclonal SDS antibody
SDS antibody
10R-5718	Fitzgerald	100 ul	829.2 EUR
Description: Mouse monoclonal SDS antibody
SDS antibody
10R-5720	Fitzgerald	100 ul	829.2 EUR
Description: Mouse monoclonal SDS antibody
SDS siRNA
20-abx904833	Abbexa	661.20 EUR 878.40 EUR	15 nmol 30 nmol
10% SDS
TG4060	TopoGen	1ml	160.8 EUR
anti-SDS
YF-PA17352	Abfrontier	50 ug	435.6 EUR
Description: Mouse polyclonal to SDS
SDS Solution
2102-100	Biovision	each	164.4 EUR
dAbs scaffold protein anti-Human B5R
SDS-L073	Creative Biolabs	1 mg	5395.2 EUR
Description: Scaffold protein
TG-SDS Buffer (Tris-Glycine-SDS) 10X Solution
A0030	Bio Basic	4L	113.76 EUR
TT-SDS (Tris-Tricine-SDS buffer) Premix powder
TD8135	Bio Basic	1PK, 10L	91.32 EUR
TG-SDS, 10X (Tris-Glycine SDS), pH 8.4
UA0030	Bio Basic	500ml	80.88 EUR
SDS cloning plasmid
CSB-CL020926HU-10ug	Cusabio	10ug	279.6 EUR
Description: A cloning plasmid for the SDS gene.
SDS Rabbit pAb
A12898-100ul	Abclonal	100 ul	369.6 EUR
SDS Rabbit pAb
A12898-200ul	Abclonal	200 ul	550.8 EUR
SDS Rabbit pAb
A12898-20ul	Abclonal	20 ul	219.6 EUR
SDS Rabbit pAb
A12898-50ul	Abclonal	50 ul	267.6 EUR
SDS Blocking Peptide
33R-4446	Fitzgerald	100 ug	216 EUR
Description: A synthetic peptide for use as a blocking control in assays to test for specificity of SDS antibody, catalog no. 70R-3762
SDS Blocking Peptide
33R-1011	Fitzgerald	100 ug	216 EUR
Description: A synthetic peptide for use as a blocking control in assays to test for specificity of DISC1 antibody, catalog no. 70R-2399
SDS Polyclonal Antibody
27842-100ul	SAB	100ul	302.4 EUR
SDS Polyclonal Antibody
27842-50ul	SAB	50ul	224.4 EUR
10% SDS Solution
S0792-050	GenDepot	500ml	111.6 EUR
10% SDS Solution
S0792-100	GenDepot	2X500ml	146.4 EUR
20% SDS Solution
S0793-050	GenDepot	500ml	144 EUR
20% SDS Solution
S0793-100	GenDepot	2X500ml	199.2 EUR
SurfactAway™ SDS
SA645-30	Biotech Support Group	30 mL	454.8 EUR
SurfactAway™ SDS
SA646-250	Biotech Support Group	250 mL	1666.8 EUR
Anti-SDS (1A9)
YF-MA17551	Abfrontier	100 ug	435.6 EUR
Description: Mouse monoclonal to SDS
Anti-SDS antibody
STJ114764	St John's Laboratory	100 µl	332.4 EUR
Description: This gene encodes one of three enzymes that are involved in metabolizing serine and glycine. L-serine dehydratase converts L-serine to pyruvate and ammonia and requires pyridoxal phosphate as a cofactor. The encoded protein can also metabolize threonine to NH4+ and 2-ketobutyrate. The encoded protein is found predominantly in the liver.
100G SDS Ultrapure
NAT1072	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100G	60.42 EUR
1KG SDS Ultrapure
NAT1074	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	1KG	345.42 EUR
SDS 100 g
17131301	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	78.66 EUR
Residual SDS Detection Kit
BSP055	Bio Basic	100Assays	99.67 EUR
Mouse SDS shRNA Plasmid
20-abx981902	Abbexa	961.20 EUR 1345.20 EUR	150 µg 300 µg
Rat SDS shRNA Plasmid
20-abx984756	Abbexa	961.20 EUR 1345.20 EUR	150 µg 300 µg
SDS Polyclonal Conjugated Antibody
C27842	SAB	100ul	476.4 EUR
Human SDS shRNA Plasmid
20-abx957508	Abbexa	961.20 EUR 1345.20 EUR	150 µg 300 µg
AE-1390 SDS-eliminant
2332390	Atto	2unit	361.2 EUR
Description: SDS r emoval r eagent
Bovine SDS ELISA KIT
ELI-53006b	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	1113.6 EUR
Human SDS ELISA KIT
ELI-29707h	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	988.8 EUR
SDS-PAGE Staining Solution
GR103068	Genorise Scientific	100 mL	69.6 EUR
Mouse Sds ELISA KIT
ELI-19881m	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	1038 EUR
SDS ELISA KIT|Human
EF005552	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	826.8 EUR
SDS, 99% Ultra Pure
S0800-100	GenDepot	1Kg	375.6 EUR
SDS, 99% Ultra Pure
S0800-250	GenDepot	2.5 Kg	643.2 EUR
SDS, 99% Ultra Pure
S0800-500	GenDepot	5 Kg	1146 EUR
SDS-Urea-Tris solution
SB8896	Bio Basic	500ml	89.23 EUR
SDS Recombinant Protein (Human)
RP027868	ABM	100 ug	Ask for price
SDS Recombinant Protein (Rat)
RP227840	ABM	100 ug	Ask for price
SDS Recombinant Protein (Mouse)
RP170486	ABM	100 ug	Ask for price
100ML SDS Solution 20%
NAT1228	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	100ML	36.82 EUR
450ML SDS Solution 20%
NAT1230	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	450ML	90.06 EUR
ESSENTIAL SDS FIXING KIT
SDSFIXESS	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	251.94 EUR
SDS, 20% Liquid Solution
18-234	Genesee Scientific	500ml/Unit	334 EUR
SDS, 20% Liquid Solution
18-234B	Genesee Scientific	1000ml/Unit	390 EUR
NanoGram SDS Assay Kit
SDS200	ProFoldin	200 assays	221.78 EUR
Description: This product includes 20 ml of MPS6 Dye. It is for measurement of 200 samples using 96-well plates. Cuvettes may also be used for measurements.
TG-SDS Buffer (Trisbase-Glycine-SDS) 10X Premix powder - 1PK(4L)
A0031	Bio Basic	4L	89.23 EUR
SDS-Blue™ - Coomassie based solution for protein staining in SDS-PAGE
04-GSB	Gentaur Genprice	144.00 EUR 96.00 EUR	1L 500mL
Description: SDS-Blue™ is an innovative patented formula, based on Coomassie blue, that comes in a convenient ready to use format for staining proteins in SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). The formulation of SDS-Blue™ provides numerous advantages compared to the classic Coomassie staining or to other similar protein stains. SDS-Blue™ provides higher sensitivity, virtually no background and eliminates the need for destaining of the gel due to its high specificity and affinity to bind to protein only. Not only does SDS-Blue™ yield clear and sharp bands, but it also contains no methanol and acetic acid, making it non-hazardous, safe to handle and friendly to the environment when disposed of. Two other advantages that make SDS-Blue™ the better option is that it is not light sensitive and can be stored at ambient temperature for 24 months. And this provides a considerable convenience, especially to laboratories that need and keep big amount of protein staining solutions – no more jammed refrigerators, you can keep SDS-Blue™ wherever it is most convenient for You!
SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit
abx090646-1Kit	Abbexa	1 Kit	243.6 EUR
SDS-PAGE Gel Preparation Kit
AR0138	BosterBio	1kit (Enough for 30-50 pieces of gel.)	115.2 EUR
Tricine SDS Sample Buffer 2X
AR1143	BosterBio	6mL (6*1mL)	78 EUR
Tris-Glycine SDS Buffer Pack
AR1149	BosterBio	1L/pack	66 EUR
Sds ORF Vector (Rat) (pORF)
ORF075948	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	607.2 EUR
Sds ORF Vector (Mouse) (pORF)
ORF056830	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	607.2 EUR
SDS ORF Vector (Human) (pORF)
ORF009290	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	114 EUR
20% Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, SDS
GR103007	Genorise Scientific	200 mL	141.6 EUR
5 x SDS Electrophoresis Buffer
GR103039	Genorise Scientific	1 L	128.4 EUR
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) Ultrapure
S057-100G	TOKU-E	100 g	73.2 EUR
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) Ultrapure
S057-1kG	TOKU-E	1 kg	248.4 EUR
SDS, 10%(w/v) solution
SD8118	Bio Basic	100ml	68.35 EUR
SDS, 20%(w/v) solution
SD8119	Bio Basic	100ml	76.7 EUR
10X Tris-Glycine SDS buffer
T8053-050	GenDepot	500ml	102 EUR
10X Tris-Glycine SDS buffer
T8053-100	GenDepot	2X500ml	133.2 EUR
10X Tris-Glycine SDS buffer
T8053-101	GenDepot	1L	118.8 EUR
10X Tris-Glycine SDS buffer
T8053-104	GenDepot	4 L	183.6 EUR
10X Tris-Glycine SDS buffer
T8053-200	GenDepot	4X500ml	163.2 EUR
10X Tris-Glycine SDS buffer
T8053-201	GenDepot	2X1L	162 EUR
10X Tris-Glycine SDS buffer
T8053-401	GenDepot	4X1L	206.4 EUR
450ML 20X Tris-MOPS SDS
NAT1210	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	450ML	80.94 EUR
450ML 20X Tris-MEPS SDS
NAT1212	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	450ML	80.94 EUR
CONNECTION KIT SDS AFS ESSENTIAL
SDSAFSCKT	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	216.6 EUR
KIT DE CONNECTION SDS/INT
SDSINTCKT	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	85.5 EUR
Volumetric Sol SDS 0.02M (0.02N)
SLS0021	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	1L	255.36 EUR
Volumetric Sol SDS 0.1M (0.1N)
SLS011	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	1L	220.02 EUR
SDS 200 no Pump 230V
TANK50200	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	4870.08 EUR
SDS 200 with Pump 230V
TANK5P200	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	5800.32 EUR
SDS TANK RIOS VENT FILTER
TANKVNT01	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	359.1 EUR
SDS TANK ELIX VENT FILTER
TANKVNT02	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	492.48 EUR
TG-SDS, 10X pH 8.3
18-237	Genesee Scientific	500ml/Unit	302 EUR
TG-SDS, 10X pH 8.3
18-237B	Genesee Scientific	1000ml/Unit	336 EUR
3X SDS-PAGE Loading Buffer
2108-10	Biovision	each	189.6 EUR
Finegel SDS-PAGE Running Buffer(10X)
F1504-050	GenDepot	500ml	181.2 EUR
Finegel SDS-PAGE Running Buffer(10X)
F1504-100	GenDepot	2x500ml	241.2 EUR
Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) 0.5 g
09-2026-50	Medicago	0,5 g	81.6 EUR
SDS-PAGE Sample Loading Buffer (2x)
abx090647-5ml	Abbexa	5 ml	210 EUR
SDS-PAGE Sample Loading Buffer (5x)
abx090648-5ml	Abbexa	5 ml	226.8 EUR
SDS-PAGE Sample Loading Buffer (6x)
abx090649-5ml	Abbexa	5 ml	243.6 EUR
10x Tris-Glycine-SDS Buffer Solution
BA01807	Bioatlas	6x100ml	123.6 EUR
Description: High purity buffer for various PCR applications.
Tris-Glycine SDS Running Buffer Pack
AR0139	BosterBio	1L/pack (for 5 assyas)	66 EUR
SDS-PAGE Resolving Gel Casting Solution
P9050-050	GenDepot	500ml	105.6 EUR
SDS-PAGE Resolving Gel Casting Solution
P9050-100	GenDepot	2X500ml	144 EUR
SDS-PAGE Stacking Gel Casting Solution
P9051-010	GenDepot	100ml	96 EUR
SDS-PAGE Stacking Gel Casting Solution
P9051-050	GenDepot	500ml	134.4 EUR
Sds sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector set (Mouse)
K3615401	ABM	3 x 1.0 ug	406.8 EUR
SDS-PAGE Running Buffer, 10 x
GR103017	Genorise Scientific	1 L	106.8 EUR
4 x Phosphate/SDS Electrophoresis Buffer
GR103033	Genorise Scientific	1 L	139.2 EUR
Sds sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector set (Rat)
K6806501	ABM	3 x 1.0 ug	406.8 EUR
SDS sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector set (Human)
K2111301	ABM	3 x 1.0 ug	406.8 EUR
Human Serine Dehydratase(SDS)ELISA Kit
QY-E01421	Qayee Biotechnology	96T	433.2 EUR
In Vitro SDS-K+ Precipitation Kit
TG1010-1	TopoGen	100 assays	550.8 EUR
In Vitro SDS-K+ Precipitation Kit
TG1010-2	TopoGen	250 assays	685.2 EUR
In Vivo SDS-K+ Precipitation Kit
TG1011-1	TopoGen	100 assays	362.4 EUR
In Vivo SDS-K+ Precipitation Kit
TG1011-2	TopoGen	250 assays	496.8 EUR
CONNECTION KIT SDS ELIX AND RIOS
SDSELECKT	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	149.34 EUR
Finegel SDS-PAGE Running Gel Solution(10%)
F1500-100	GenDepot	2x500ml	225.6 EUR
Finegel SDS-PAGE Running Gel Solution(8%)
F1501-100	GenDepot	2X500ml	225.6 EUR
Finegel SDS-PAGE Running Gel Solution(12.5%)
F1502-100	GenDepot	2X500ml	225.6 EUR
Finegel SDS-PAGE Running Gel Solution(15%)
F1503-100	GenDepot	2X500ml	225.6 EUR
100 ML SDS (SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE), 10%
46-040-CI	CORNING	100 mL/pk	84 EUR
Description: Media Catalog; Classical Media
10x Tris-Glycine-SDS Ready Mixed Powder
BA01708	Bioatlas	1L	112.8 EUR
Description: High purity buffer for various PCR applications.
SDS-PAGE Protein Loading Buffer 2X (Reducing)
AR0131	BosterBio	6mL	72 EUR
SDS-PAGE Protein Loading Buffer 5X (Reducing)
AR1112	BosterBio	3mL	72 EUR
Xpert SDS-PAGE Gel Running Buffer(10X)
P9000-050	GenDepot	500ml	116.4 EUR
Xpert SDS-PAGE Gel Running Buffer(10X)
P9000-100	GenDepot	1L	165.6 EUR
Sds sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Mouse) (Target 1)
K3615402	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	184.8 EUR
Sds sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Mouse) (Target 2)
K3615403	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	184.8 EUR
Sds sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Mouse) (Target 3)
K3615404	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	184.8 EUR
Sds sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Rat) (Target 1)
K6806502	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	184.8 EUR
Sds sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Rat) (Target 2)
K6806503	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	184.8 EUR
Sds sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Rat) (Target 3)
K6806504	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	184.8 EUR
SDS sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Human) (Target 1)
K2111302	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	184.8 EUR
SDS sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Human) (Target 2)
K2111303	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	184.8 EUR
SDS sgRNA CRISPR Lentivector (Human) (Target 3)
K2111304	ABM	1.0 ug DNA	184.8 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Human) (pPB-C-His)
PV037157	ABM	500 ng	394.8 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Human) (pPB-N-His)
PV037158	ABM	500 ng	394.8 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Human) (pPM-C-HA)
PV037159	ABM	500 ng	394.8 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Human) (pPM-C-His)
PV037160	ABM	500 ng	394.8 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Mouse) (pPB-C-His)
PV227318	ABM	500 ng	723.6 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Mouse) (pPB-N-His)
PV227319	ABM	500 ng	723.6 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Mouse) (pPM-C-HA)
PV227320	ABM	500 ng	723.6 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Mouse) (pPM-C-His)
PV227321	ABM	500 ng	723.6 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Rat) (pPB-C-His)
PV303790	ABM	500 ng	723.6 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Rat) (pPB-N-His)
PV303791	ABM	500 ng	723.6 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Rat) (pPM-C-HA)
PV303792	ABM	500 ng	723.6 EUR
SDS Protein Vector (Rat) (pPM-C-His)
PV303793	ABM	500 ng	723.6 EUR
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) Dust-Free™
S022-100G	TOKU-E	100 g	76.8 EUR
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) Dust-Free™
S022-1kG	TOKU-E	1 kg	242.4 EUR
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) Dust-Free™
S022-250G	TOKU-E	250 g	124.8 EUR
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) Dust-Free™
S022-500G	TOKU-E	500 g	148.8 EUR
Sds 3'UTR Luciferase Stable Cell Line
TU220043	ABM	1.0 ml	Ask for price
Sds 3'UTR GFP Stable Cell Line
TU168480	ABM	1.0 ml	Ask for price
Sds 3'UTR GFP Stable Cell Line
TU270043	ABM	1.0 ml	Ask for price
Sds 3'UTR Luciferase Stable Cell Line
TU118480	ABM	1.0 ml	Ask for price
SDS 3'UTR GFP Stable Cell Line
TU072816	ABM	1.0 ml	1672.8 EUR
SDS 3'UTR Luciferase Stable Cell Line
TU022816	ABM	1.0 ml	1672.8 EUR
Xpro IP Cell Lysis Reagent,SDS Free
X3100-010	GenDepot	100ml	208.8 EUR
Xpro IP Cell Lysis Reagent,SDS Free
X3100-050	GenDepot	500ml	380.4 EUR
1L Tris-Tricine-SDS PAGE Buffer (10X)
NAT1214	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	1L	177.84 EUR
1L Tris-Glycine-SDS PAGE Buffer (10X)
NAT1216	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	1L	52.33 EUR
4L Tris-Glycine-SDS PAGE Buffer (10X)
NAT1218	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	4L	101.46 EUR
ExcelGel SDS Homogeneous 15 pack of 6
80126201	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	640.68 EUR
PhastGel SDS Buffer Strips pack of 10
17051601	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	116.28 EUR
SDS TANK RIOS VENT FILTER ß2/PACK
TANKVNT21	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	851.58 EUR
SDS TANK ELIX VENT FILTERß ß2/PACK
TANKVNT22	Scientific Laboratory Supplies	EACH	1004.34 EUR

Correspondence with PROUDs lead investigator also informed this letter. It was found that PROUD’s PPI improved study design, safety and advertising as well as providing reassurance in difficult times. It also improved recruitment, dissemination of information and made sure that results and future research fields were relevant. This allows us to understand and appreciate PPI‘s role in research and the provision of healthcare. It is also important to increase discussion and learning around PPI for the future.